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How Movistar+ broadcast
Movistar+ through IPTV
Movistar+ received the signals of the content’s dealer in baseband in the 90% of cases. In other words, the signal cames with the maximum quality, without compression, from the producer. In baseband, HD signals take up 1.5Gbps and SD signals 270Mbps.
Then, Movistar+ compress with MPEG4 (H.264) in distribution quality and normalise the signals. In SD channels, the bitrate is 2.3 Mbps and resolution 720x576i/25fps for the clients. In HD channels, the bitrate is until 13Mbps and resolution 1920x1080i/25fps. [6]
The bitrate, in both channels, is constant because of the network is correctly sized. A constant bitrate guarantees the quality of the image in all situations.
In addition, Movistar+ offers the possibility of changing the configuration of HD to SD and vice-versa.
IPTV is the technology that utilises Movistar+ in fiber and copper. With copper, when it is switched on the decoder, itis made a reservation of 3Mb for the reservation of video quality. Furthermore, the Movistar+’s information is unique and exclusive. The decoder and the TV services make a VPN that is outside of the Internet network. This network is where is the guaranty of Movistar’s TV.
In the case of the fiber, the reservation of the video quality is not subtracted of the contracted bitrate. The TV has its own channel that is managed by the decoder and the router.
Movistar+ through satellite
In Movistar+Satellite, it is utilised a variable bitrate. The channels group in frequency blocks called MUX. Each Mux may have 4 or 5 channels, and it is assigned a bandwidth to each channel.
According to the type of emission and content, the bandwidth is determined by algorithms. For example, it will have more bitrate the content with much motion and density of figures and colours than content like an advertisement or a film.
The video systems calculate the bitrate that needs to transmit depending on how to change the image respect the previous one, only transmit the information than change the previous image. This action permits to compress the bandwidth and use efficiently.
The quality of the video is the same than IPTV, being 720x576i/25fps in SD and 1920x1080i/25fps in HD. However, in IPTV is easier to keep a better quality because of the constant bitrate, being the same the quality and the origin of the signals.
Movistar+ through OTT
Movistar+ in Devices is in the group of Over The Top (OTT) apps or video streaming through the Internet without guaranteed and based on the device, the user will be offered an HTTP stream of different qualities.
In small screens (PC, smartphones, tablets) that utilise Android and iOS, the subscription is made by a stream that has SD quality and a bitrate ok 600kbps.[6]
In big screens (SmartTVs and game consoles), the subscription is made with a maximum bitrate of 3Mbps and a progressive scan.
All streams are built by adaptative protocols Smooth Streaming and HLS HTTP Live Stream that build the image with odd frames, rejecting the even frames. In other words, each frame has the previous and the next image. The result seems to the video through an IPTV decoder but it doesn´t reach the definition level that has the Premium service.
Movistar in Devices has an adaptative bitrate, that permits to arrange the quality of the image based on the capacity of the transmission. In this way, it is guaranteed the continuity of the image even if the quality can decrease until the video may not work. This bandwidth it is negotiated by the server. The server determines the maximum capacity that may transmit to the device. Based on this capacity, the server gets different copies of the same content with different qualities.
Movistar+ in Devices utilise the bandwidth that the client has for the Internet. The servers are connected on the Internet and the traffic that generally run through the IP network. In the IP network, another traffics run such as P2P, web, downloading, etc. In this way, it has not the reserve of the channel, so Movistar+ doesn’t guarantee an HD quality, but if the client doesn’t have the congested traffic, the quality will be in HD.
